I want to explore the performance requirements for CPU architecture and wireless connectivity for IoT devices. This article is about the initial specification of a new generation of IoT devices that system designers are considering while considering features and scalability.
CPU processing performance requirements
Considerations for the CPU performance architecture of IoT devices depend on what the CPU needs to do, and the hardware security regulations include the hardware of the CPU.
For example, the embedded controller performance requirements in the following table are for the IoT Sensor Center system:
Functional CPU performance requirements
(million instructions per second) application
Embedded operating system overhead 10 MIPS real-time kernel / scheduler
Security 20 MIPS running AES - 256 encryption / decryption stream
CPU supports dedicated AES encryption engine
Sensor Translation Software 50 MIPS Context Sensor Platform
Wireless Communication Management 20 – 40 MIPSAP Mode for Wi-Fi Demand 40 MIPS
Internet communication 20 MIPS
120 MIPS to 140 MIPS in total
In the above table, a MIPS CPU M5150 containing hardware virtualization is a perfect kit that provides the performance required to run sensor translation code, Wi-Fi stack and Internet communication with a clock frequency of approximately 100 mhz. Most IoT devices will have additional CPU processing power to support additional features that can be upgraded. Therefore, the performance of the CPU needs to be scalable, and it can also include specific pipeline levels, including special purpose processing, which is considered necessary to be done locally.
The choice of CPU for a particular IoT application must not only support security features, as described earlier, but must also have scalable performance that enables higher clock frequencies to be supported. For some applications, this also helps the CPU to support hardware multithreading (such as MIPS Class I processors).
Wireless communication
Typical wireless IoT devices will pass certain standards. Standard deployment will depend on the security requirements required, the type of network topology supported (eg IP, network), and the supported data rates. The following figure provides an IoT network requirement classification based on continuous data rates. Because wi-fi is currently widely deployed, most IoT applications support Wi-Fi. In addition, with LED lighting and large cross-regional applications, the ZigBee network will be used and will be co-existing with Wi-Fi in the IoT system.
In addition to high-definition video applications, such as for home entertainment or secure video surveillance, 802.11 and 802.11 n 1&TImes;1 provide sufficient bandwidth, and 802.11 networks will use dual-band 2.4 GHz and 5.5 GHz frequencies. Low power and low cost implementations support 802.11 n over a single 2.4 GHz wireless bandwidth.
The low frequency band is preferable because the RF transmission will provide a larger range for a given power output. By 2016, 802.11ah will be available for low data rate/low power wireless IoT systems; this standard will be based on the 930 mhz band.
Wireless communication will become integrated into the main SoC not only to reduce costs, but also to reduce energy consumption and improve system performance. The accompanying wireless connectivity and its associated software stack, the comprehensive capabilities for local analysis, and security will increase the computing power of SoC devices.
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