With the development of China's economy, chronic diseases have become the biggest threat to the health of our residents. The treatment of chronic diseases often takes a long time and takes up a lot of medical resources. This article introduces a chronic disease management system based on the Internet of Things technology, which allows patients to detect chronic disease-related indicators and get useful health guidance from the system to improve their own health and reduce the cost of chronic disease treatment.
I. Introduction
With the improvement of people's living standards, changes in lifestyles and dietary culture, the prevalence of various chronic diseases has gradually increased, and it has shown a trend of rejuvenation. Chronic diseases have become the main cause of death for our residents. According to statistics in 2000, China ’s chronic disease mortality rate accounted for 80.9% of the total mortality rate. On the other hand, China has entered an aging society, and one of the biggest factors affecting the quality of life of the elderly is chronic diseases. Taking Shanghai as an example, in 2008, 73.76% of the elderly population suffered from chronic diseases.
Compared with other diseases, chronic diseases have the characteristics of long course and persistent disease, so intervention therapy for patients' daily life is particularly important. Under the current shortage of medical resources in China, it is a relatively effective method to achieve remote monitoring and timely prevention and treatment of chronically ill people and patients with the help of Internet of Things technology.
This article will introduce a chronic disease management system based on the Internet of Things and distributed service technology: Through the integration of various sign sensors, the vital signs of chronically ill patients can be monitored remotely, supporting the doctor's remote diagnosis and treatment, and also Let chronically ill patients know their health status at any time, in order to get timely treatment. Due to the use of service component architecture technology, each component of the system can run independently and provide Web services, and each component is assembled through service component architecture technology, so that each component can evolve independently without affecting each other, and can be easily carried out Functional expansion.
Two system architecture introduction
Chronic diseases are diverse and there is no universal management model. Over time, the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases may also change. Therefore, the chronic disease management system itself must consider the flexibility and scalability of its modification.
At present, service-oriented architecture (Service-Oriented Architecture, SOA) has been widely used to achieve loose coupling between the various components of the system. The chronic disease management system will use the SOA architecture to achieve loose coupling between different components, so that each component Can evolve separately according to different needs without affecting each other.
The entire system architecture is shown in Figure 1. The components in the figure interact through Web services (WS) to achieve loose coupling. The upper part of the figure is a system-specific component that needs to be developed by itself; and the lower part is a general-purpose component, with corresponding software implementation, just select the ready-made software and publish it as a service.
The unique components of the system include five components: drug library, evidence-based medicine, personal health files, chronic disease management services, and sign sensing integration services. The application interface of the chronic disease management system is an integrated display component of all services. Through the integration of component services provided by the background, the user carries out chronic disease management through the web interface, mobile phone application or other means.
The general components of the system include the enterprise service bus, event stream processing, service component architecture, business process management, and diagnosis and treatment decision-making services. These five components have corresponding software implementations, and the chronic disease management system only integrates them to achieve SOA architecture. Among them, enterprise service bus, event stream processing, and service component architecture are the foundation of SOA architecture. The enterprise service bus is used to integrate different applications. The service adapter it provides allows the chronic disease system and other service systems (such as HIS, electronic medical records, etc.) to be integrated, thereby solving the problem of how to interact with other medical information systems. . Event stream processing is used to monitor all events that occur in the system and process the events that occur. It is mainly used for real-time data analysis and statistics, and can be used for auditing. The service component architecture is used to integrate various Web services and repackage them into appropriate component services. Through this technology, the system can be easily expanded into distributed services. At the same time, for service users, this extension is completely transparent and can realize the function of "service cloud", and the biggest advantage of this technology is that it does not need to spend a lot of money to create a "cloud computing" infrastructure can provide Similar features. Business process management and diagnosis and treatment decision-making services are used to visually create chronic disease management processes and diagnosis and treatment decisions, and the creation results are immediately applied to the system. Because system developers often cannot really understand the medical aspects, using these two components can allow doctors to participate in the design of the system to truly meet the business needs of doctors, thereby improving the practicality and flexibility of the system.
The complete architecture of the chronic disease management system emphasizes the flexibility and versatility of the SOA architecture.
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