23 basic IoT standards

23 basic IoT standards, protocols, technical terminology quick guide

6LoWPAN - This is probably the most abbreviating acronym, 6LoWPAN is a low-power personal area network standard based on IPv6. This is entirely to appease those who believe that there is no real Internet without a network protocol. It is essentially the IPv6 version of Zigbee and Z-wave.

AMQP (Advanced Message Queuing Protocol) - AMQP is an open source standard that allows different applications to communicate between any network and any device. AMQP is part of a number of commercial middleware integration products, including Microsoft's Windows Azure Service Bus, VMware's RabbitMQ and IBM's MQlight. It was originally developed by the financial department to speed up M2M communication, but is now being used in IoT projects.

Bluetooth - For the Internet of Things, there are two main forms of Bluetooth wireless communication protocols. One is the standard Bluetooth technology, which is widely used in various smart home devices from networked refrigerators to shower heads to door locks; the other is low-power Bluetooth technology, often referred to as "BLE", Large networks with power-limited connected devices are more attractive because battery life is no longer a limiting factor. Both of these forms were upgraded in the Bluetooth version of December 2016. Bluetooth 5.0 expands the range of Bluetooth devices and increases the data throughput of Bluetooth devices.

Cellular Data - Although it is not the most energy efficient form of transmission, there are a large number of IoT devices based on this deployment, which use the carrier's wireless data as the transport layer.

CoAP (Restricted Application Protocol) - This is an Internet protocol designed for restricted devices with a small amount of memory and limited computing power. It was proposed by the CoRE Working Group of the IETF (Internet Engineering Task Force, Internet Engineering Task Force), which, as its name suggests, is effective on small devices such as digital signage and smart lighting.

Data Distribution Service (DDS), a new generation of distributed real-time communication middleware specification (similar to AMQP) developed by the Object Management Organization (OMG) based on standards such as HLA and CORBA, dates back to 1989 and is designed to Create distributed object management standards. DDS uses a "topic" system - the type of information the system knows, such as "boiler temperature" or "conveyor speed" - that provides information to other nodes that have "declared" interest in a given topic, ideally Can avoid the need for complex network programming.

HomeKit - HomeKit is Apple's own brand, the front-end and control platform for smart home devices. Its usual problem is that it is very easy to use Apple devices when important parts of the system are used, but if you don't use Apple's own devices such as Apple TV or iPad, it will be very annoying to use, but it is also Apple's. The advantages, setup and use are very simple.

IoTivity, an open source project supported by heavyweights in the tech world of Microsoft, Intel, Qualcomm, LG and Samsung, is trying to create a standard software layer for IoT device connectivity. The project incorporates the all-competitive standard AllJoyn released by the AllSeen Alliance. In October 2016, the two systems achieved interoperability.

JSON-LD (Javascript object representation of linked data) - A lightweight product of the JSON file format designed to provide an easy way to move machine-readable data around a network device that may have different information formats .

LoRaWAN - LoRa is a dedicated wireless communication technology designed to implement low power WANs. LoRaWAN technology is similar to (and competing with) Sigfox, a consortium of companies.

MQTT (MQ Telemetry Transport) - MQTT is a publish/subscribe messaging protocol designed to use limited computing power when devices are in communication with one another or in the case of unreliable or delayed network connections. It does a good job, but implementing strict security controls can be tricky and can undermine the lightweight nature of the protocol.

NFC (Near Field Communication) - This low-power network has been around for a long time, no surprise, it is suitable for use in IoT applications . Any scenario that can be close to and interact with it and does not need to send or receive large amounts of data information is well suited for NFC.

PhysicalWeb - it's a concept created by Google that advocates "fast, seamless interaction with the physical world." It uses a protocol called Eddystone that spreads links through Bluetooth low energy. The idea is that You can simply go to a parking meter, digitally, or scan the phone to get information about the store.

SCADA (Monitoring and Data Acquisition) – SCADA has been in the mainframe era and has experienced the earliest attempts to computerize control of industrial, manufacturing and heavy-duty transportation applications. Older SCADA networks are often highly insecure, they are designed for ease of use and do not take security into account.

Sigfox - Sigfox is both a dedicated narrowband, low power technology and the name of a French company. The proprietary nature of the technology is unusual (although not the only one) for LPWAN, but Sigfox's business model is different from most other companies - it wants to be an IoT mobile operator, wanting to do the Internet of Things. Enterprises provide network coverage on demand.

SMS (Short Message Service) - For some IoT devices, regular old text information is a completely acceptable communication medium, especially for devices distributed over a large geographical area, with some delay tolerance. ability. Take the example of the Swedish pest control company Anticimex, which has a smart trap to update rodents to the company via SMS.

Thread - Thread is a low-power network protocol created and developed by a team led by Google's NestLabs, such as the Nest Smart Thermostat, arguably the first breakthrough smart home device. The Thread protocol. Since the summer of 2016, the open source version of the specification has been made available to developers.

TR-069 (Technical Report 069069) - This is a broadband forum specification document that outlines a protocol called CWMP that is designed to allow users to remotely configure and manage client devices over an IP network. (The Consumer Location Equipment WAN Management Agreement, for those who score at home.) It dates back to the early part of the last century, originally designed to help cable operators remotely manage devices such as set-top boxes.

Weave - Weave is the software layer designed by Google and Nest for smart homes. It is designed to be flexible and secure, even on particularly limited devices, based on Google's existing Android platform. Google has also partially opened up its source code, and has now released some of its core components called "Weave."

WebThingModel - This is the idea of ​​the World Wide Web Consortium's physical Internet of Things framework (IoTf ramework), which is not surprising, it uses existing Web technologies to connect devices instead of relying on custom non-Web protocols.

XMPP (Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol) - As an obvious acronym, it is an open source standard for chat clients and is not well known among some online role-playing gamers. Since then, it has become the standard of the IETF, and its expansion and implementation are very extensive, many of which are aimed at the core IoT functions, such as discovery and configuration.

Zigbee - ZigBee is a wireless mesh network protocol with good battery life and good security thanks to its built-in 128-bit encryption. This is partially offset by the maximum data rate and relatively short range, but there are many restricted device applications that are well suited for them. It is also an IEEE 802.15.4 standard that provides a high degree of interoperability.

Z-wave - Like Zigbee, z-wave is a low-power, short-range wireless networking technology used primarily for applications such as smart home devices. It is standardized by the ITU.