Classic: 1, MCS-51 series of Intel Corporation production of 2,61 microcontroller 3, AVR microcontroller 4, MSP430 ultra-low power microcontroller Texas Instruments (TI) production 5, PIC microcontroller MicroChip production 6, Freescale's single-chip computer 7 Infineon's Microcontrollers
1.8051The 8051/31 Microcontroller was first introduced by Intel Corporation. Because Intel company will focus on 186, 386, Pentium and other PC-compatible high-end chip development. Intel Corporation patents or sells 8051 core usage rights in MCS-51 series microcontrollers to many world-famous IC manufacturers such as Philips, NEC, Atmel, AMD, Dallas, siemens, Fujutsu, OKI, Winbond, LG, etc. .
These companies have improved many of the 8051's features while maintaining compatibility with the 8051 microcontroller. Expanded peripheral circuits for meeting the requirements of different measurement and control objects, such as A/D for analog input, PWM for servo drive, HSL/HSO for high speed input/output control, I2C for serial expansion bus, and reliable operation of guaranteed program The WDT, the introduction of convenient and inexpensive FlashROM and so on. The speed is increased, the clock frequency is reduced, the dynamic range of the power supply voltage is relaxed, and the product price is reduced.
The MCU series with 8051 as the core has the largest output and the most extensive application in the world. 80C51 has become the mainstream of 8-bit microcontrollers, becoming the de facto standard MCU chip.
The 51 series single-chip microcomputer is a variety of compatible single-chip microcomputers that these manufacturers have put out based on 8051 in the MCS-51 series one-chip computer of Intel Corporation. The 8051 of Intel's MCS-51 series single-chip microcomputer is the most basic one-chip computer type.
2. Atmel Corporation (United States)Atmel Corporation is the world’s leading semiconductor manufacturing company with high-performance, low-power, non-volatile memory and digital integrated circuits. Atmel's most notable is its EEPROM erasable flash memory technology and high-quality production technology. Atmel's advanced design level in the production of CMOS devices, excellent production processes and packaging technology has always been in the world. Leading position.
These technologies are used in the production of single-chip microcomputers and the microcontrollers also have excellent quality. Atmel's single-chip microcomputer is a unique single-chip microcomputer with excellent performance in the world. It has obvious advantages in terms of structural performance and functions, and it is external to the computer. Equipment communication equipment automation Industrial control Aerospace equipment Instrumentation and various consumer products have a wide range of application prospects.
Its AT90 series is an enhanced RISC (Reduced Instruction Set) internal FLASH microcontroller, commonly referred to as the AVR series (AdvanceRISC). Use Harvard architecture. The on-chip Flash memory is attached to the user's product and can be programmed at any time, and then reprogrammed to make the user's product design easy and easy to update. Its enhanced RISC architecture enables high-speed processing capabilities, enabling complex instructions to be executed in one clock cycle, and 1 MIPS of processing power per MHz. The AVR microcontroller's operating voltage is 2.7 to 6.0 V, which allows power consumption to be optimized. AVR microcontrollers are widely used in computer peripheral equipment, industrial real-time control, instrumentation, communications equipment, household appliances, aerospace equipment and other fields.
The AT91M series is based on the ARM7TDMI embedded processor, a new member of the ATMEL16/32 microprocessor family. The processor uses a high-density 16-bit instruction set to implement an efficient 32-bit RISC architecture with low power consumption. In addition, Atmel's enhanced series 51 (AT89 series) microcontrollers are still very popular in the market, of which AT89S51 is very active. (l) The prefix consists of the letter AT indicating that the device is an ATMEL product (2) Type 89CXXXX where C is the internal flash memory C is the CMOS product 89LVXXXX LV is the low voltage product 89SXXXX S is the serial flash Memory
3. Microchip Corporation (United States)The main products of MicroChip Microcontroller are PIC16C series and 17C series 8-bit single-chip microcomputer. The CPU adopts RISC structure with only 33, 35, and 58 instructions respectively. It adopts Harvard dual-bus structure, fast running speed, low working voltage and low power consumption. Large input and output direct drive capability, low price, one-time programming, small size. Known for the low price, the price of the general one-chip computer is below 1 US dollar. There is no mask product of Microchip MCU, all are OTP devices (the FLASH type one-chip computer has already been put out now). Microchip emphasizes the optimization design that saves cost, it is the use quantity, Low grade, price-sensitive products. In the field of office automation equipment, consumer electronics, telecommunications, smart instrumentation, automotive electronics, financial electronics, industrial control has a wide range of applications, PIC series (PIC16C5X, PIC16CXX, PIC17CXX, PIC18CXXX, PIC16FXXX, PIC17CXXX, PIC18XXXX) microcontroller In the world single-chip market share ranking increased year by year, the development is very rapid.
MSP430 series microcontrollers are 16-bit microcontrollers developed by TI. Its outstanding feature is ultra-low power consumption, which is very suitable for all kinds of occasions with low power requirements. There are several series and models, which are composed of some basic function modules according to different application targets. Using the von Neumann architecture, a 16-bit RISC CPU, multiple peripherals, and a highly flexible clock system are perfectly combined using the Universal Memory Address Bus (MAB) and the Memory Data Bus (MDB). The MSP430 can provide a good solution for current and future mixed-signal applications. All MSP430 peripherals require minimal software services. For example, analog-to-digital converters have automatic input channel scanning and hardware-initiated conversion triggers, and some also have a DMA data transfer mechanism. These superior hardware features allow us to centralize the use of CPU resources to achieve the desired characteristics of the target application without having to spend a lot of time on basic data processing. This means that a lower cost system can be implemented with less software and lower power consumption. The main application areas: metering equipment, portable instruments, smart sensor systems, medical equipment and security systems. Due to its high cost performance, applications have become more widespread.
COP800 series MCU is a product of NS (National Semiconductor Corporation). The company is famous for producing advanced analog circuits and can produce high-level digital analog mixed circuits. The COP8 microcontroller integrates 16-bit A/D internally, which is in the MCU. Rarely used COP8 microcontrollers use internal EMI circuits, and there are unique features in the "watchdog" circuit and the wake-up mode in STOP mode. In addition, COP8 program encryption also does a very good job.
COP400 series, HPC series MCU
6. Motorola Corporation (United States)Motorola is the world's largest single-chip microcomputer manufacturer. It has a wide variety of products, large choices, and many new products. Starting from the M6800, it has developed a wide range of products. 4-bit, 8-bit, and 16-bit 32-bit microcontrollers can be produced. In the 8-bit machine, there are M68HC05 and upgrade products M68HC08, 68HC05 has more than 30 series more than 200 varieties, the output is more than 2 billion. 8-bit enhanced single-chip microcomputer, M68HC11 also has more than 30 varieties, the annual output is more than 100 million pieces, upgrade Products have M68HC12.16-bit microcontroller 68HC16 also has more than 10 varieties. 32-bit microcontroller 683XX series also has dozens of varieties.
In recent years, PowerPC, Codfire, M.CORE, etc. have been used as CPUs, and microcontrollers integrated with DSPs as auxiliary modules have also been launched. They are still the preferred brands of the microcontroller. One of the characteristics of the Motorola microcontroller is that the clock used at the same speed is much lower than the Intel-type one-chip computer, thus making the high-frequency noise low and the anti-interference ability strong, and is more suitable for the industrial control field and the harsh environment.
Motorola8-bit microcontroller past strategy is mask-based, recently launched OTP program to adapt to the development of SCM, 32-bit machine, M.CORE in performance and power consumption are better than ARM7.
7. Cygnal Corporation (United States)C8051FXXX
The Z8 MCU is a product of the company. It uses a multi-accumulator structure and has a strong interrupt handling capability. Products for the OTP type, Z80 microcontroller development tools can be said to be inexpensive, Z8 microcontroller with low-cost advantages for low-end applications, the main 18-pin package, ROM bit 0.5 ~ 2KB. Many people know about the Z80 single board machine. Until the late 1990s, the microcomputer principle of many universities still talked about the Z80. Zilog recently introduced Z86 series microcontrollers, which integrate inexpensive DSP units.
9. Ubicom CorporationThe I/O modules of the Scenix series of microcontrollers are the most creative. The integration and combination of I/O modules is an indispensable and important aspect of the microcontroller technology. In addition to traditional I/O function modules such as parallel I/O, URT, SPI, I2C, A/D, PWM, PLL, DTMF, etc., new I/O modules are emerging, such as USB, CAN, and J1850. The Motorola 32-bit microcontroller integrates I/O modules including various communication protocols, while Scenix microcontrollers introduce the concept of virtual I/O in the processing of I/O modules.
Scenix single-chip microcomputer uses RISC structure of the CPU, so that the CPU maximum operating frequency of 50MHz. The operating speed is close to 50MIPS. With a powerful CPU, a variety of I / O functions can be used to simulate the software approach. The MCU package uses 20/28 pins. The company provides a variety of I/O library functions for implementing various I/O module functions. Modules completed by these software include multiple UARTs, multiple A/D, PWM, SPI, DTMF, FSK, LCD drivers, etc. These are all very complex modules that are typically implemented in hardware.
Scenix's 8-bit RISC-based SX series microcontrollers were selected as the world’s top ten processors in 1998 along with Intel’s Pentium II. In terms of technology, it has its unique features: SX series dual clock settings, instruction speeds up to 50/75/100 MIPS (million instructions per second, XXXMInstructionPerSecond), virtual peripheral functions, flexible I/O ports, All I/O ports can be individually programmed. The company provides various I/O library functions for various I/O module functions, such as multiple UARTs, multiple A/D, PWM, SPI , DTMF, FS, LCD driver and so on. Using EEPROM/FLASH program memory, online system programming can be achieved. Through computer RS232C interface, using a dedicated serial cable can be online real-time simulation of the target system.
10.SST US MCU:SST89 series microcontrollers are standard 51 series single-chip microcomputers including SST89E/V52RD2, SST89E/V54RD2, SST89E/V58RD2, SST89E/V554RC, and SST89E/V564RD. It is compatible with the 8052 series microcontrollers. Provides system online programming (ISP function). More than 10,000 flash flashes are written internally, and the program can be stored for up to 100 years.
As a well-known global supplier of semiconductor products, Philips Semiconductors has a strong influence in the microcontroller (MCU) field, and has a wide range of products and is extremely active in technological innovation. In recent years, a large number of new products have appeared in ARM (32-bit) and Enhanced 51 single-chip microcomputers. The Philips 51 series microcontrollers are fully compatible with the MCS-51 instruction system.
The 80C51 series, LPC700 series, LPC900 series of NXP (NXP) founded by philips for more than half a century
12.NEC Corporation (Japan)NEC microcontroller self-contained, μPD78054 series, to the highest output of the 8-bit 78K series, there are also 16-bit, 32-bit microcontroller. 16-bit microcontroller uses internal frequency multiplication technology to reduce the external clock frequency. Some SCMs use built-in operating systems. NEC's sales strategy focuses on serving large customers and invests considerable technical power to help large customers develop new products.
13. Toshiba TOSHIBA Corporation (Japan)Toshiba MCU from 64-bit down 64, complete category. 4-bit machine still has a larger market in the field of home appliances. 8-bit machine has 870 series, 90 series and so on. This kind of one-chip computer allows to use the slow mode, uses the 32KHz clock power consumption to be as low as 10uA order magnitude. The use of many sets of registers inside the CPU, makes the interrupt response and the treatment quicker. Toshiba's 32-bit machines use the CPU architecture of the MIPS3000ARISC for VCD, digital cameras, and image processing markets.
14.Epson Corporation (Japan)Epson (Japan's Epson) company is known for its expertise in the manufacture of liquid crystal displays, so Epson MCUs are mainly supplied with LCDs (liquid crystal displays) produced by the company. EPSON microcontrollers are known for their low voltage, low power consumption, and built-in LCD driver features, especially for LCD drivers. The current 0.9V power supply MCU has been on the market, and soon the LCD display watch will use 0.5V power supply. Widely used in industrial control, medical equipment, household appliances, instrumentation, communications equipment and handheld consumer products and other fields. Currently EPSON has introduced four-bit MCU SMC62 series, SMC63 series, SMC60 series and eight single-chip SIC8800 series, SIC88300 series, SIC88800 series, SIC33 series
15. Fujitsu FUJITSU Corporation (Japan)Fujitsu also has 8-bit, 16-bit, and 32-bit microcontrollers, but the 8-bit machine uses a 16-bit CPU core. In other words, the 8-bit and 16-bit instructions are the same, making development easier. The 8-bit machine is known as the MB8900 series, and the 16-bit machine has the MB90 series. The F2MC-8L series and the F2MC-16 series (the F2MC is the FUJITSU Flexible Microcontroller, which means FUJITSU Full-featured MCU) Fujitsu focuses on serving large companies, large customers, and helping large customers to develop products.
16. Hitachi HITACHI Corporation (Japan)H8/300 Series, H8/300L Series, H8/300HTiny Series, H8/300H Series, H8/500 Series, H88 Series, SH-1 Series, SH-2 Series, SH-3 Series, SH-4 Series
17.MITSUBISHI Corporation (Japan)3800 Series, 740 Series, 760 Series, 7700 Series, 7900 Series, M16C Series, M32 Series
18. Samsung SAMAUNG Corporation (Korea)Samsung has KS51 and KS57 series of 4-bit single-chip microcomputer, KS86 and KS88 (S3C8) series of 8-bit microcontrollers, KS17 series of 16-bit microcontrollers and KS32 series of 32-bit microcontrollers, Samsung also produced ARM microcontrollers for ARM, common S344b0 and so on. Samsung microcontrollers are OTP-type ISPs in-chip programming capabilities.
19.LG CorporationGMS90 series MCU is compatible with Intel MCS-51 series, Atmel89C51/52, 89C2051 and other MCUs, CMOS technology, up to 40MHZ clock frequency, used in: multi-functional telephones, smart sensors, power meters, industrial control, anti-theft alarm devices, various Meter, various IC card devices, DVD, VCD, CD-ROM. GMS90CXX, GMS97CXX, GMS90LXX, GMS97LXX
20. Winbond WINBOND:Huabang Microcontroller is a type 8051 single-chip microcomputer. The pin and command set of their W77 and W78 8-bit microcontrollers are compatible with the 8051. However, each instruction cycle requires only 4 clock cycles, the speed is increased by a factor of three, and the operating frequency is the highest. 40MHz. Added WatchDogTimer at the same time, 6 sets of external interrupt sources, 2 sets of UART, 2 sets of Datapointer and Waitstatecontrolpin. W741 series 4-bit microcomputer with LCD driver, on-line burning, high confidentiality, low operating voltage (1.2V~1.8V) ), W78 series is compatible with the standard 8051, W77 series is enhanced 51, the timing of the 8051 has been improved. The same clock speed is much faster. There are 921 series on the 4-bit machine and the 741 series with LCD driver. In terms of 32-bit machines, Hua Bang used HP's PA-RISC microcontroller technology to produce low-bit 32-bit RISC microcontrollers.
21 Elan Electronics Co., Ltd. (Taiwan)The EM78 series OTP microcontrollers are manufactured by Taiwan Elan Electronics Co., Ltd. and directly replace the PIC16CXX. The pins are compatible with each other and the functions are more powerful. The program can be converted with professional conversion software. Scope of application: home appliance products, IC card terminal products (water meter, gas meter), security system (software dog, alarm, monitor), remote control, instrumentation equipment, communication products (multifunctional telephones, switches, password locks), Electronic medical devices.
22. Ling Yang Technology Co., Ltd. (Taiwan)China's Taiwan Sunplus Technology Co., Ltd. (SunplusTechnologyCO.LTD) launched in 2001 the first generation of microcontrollers, with high speed, low price, reliable, practical, small size, low power consumption and easy to learn and so on. Like the SPCE061A type MCU embedded 32K flash memory Flash, high processing speed, especially for digital voice broadcast and identification and other applications, is an ideal product for digital voice recognition and voice signal processing, has been widely used.
The company is dedicated to the development of 8-bit and 16-bit machines. The SPMC65 series of microcontrollers is the main product of Sunplus, adopting 8-bit SPMC65 CPU core and forming a series of products with different on-chip resources around this universal CPU core. The same on-chip hardware functional modules in the series of chips have the same resource characteristics; different types of chips only reduce the on-chip resources. Its biggest feature is super anti-jamming. Widely used in household appliances, industrial control, instrumentation, security alarm, computer peripherals and other fields.
The SPMC75 series microcontroller core adopts 16-bit microprocessors of Sunplus Technology's proprietary intellectual property rights. The SPMC75 series microcontrollers integrate multiple functional modules: multi-function I/O ports, synchronous and asynchronous serial ports, ADCs, timer counters, and other constant hardware modules. , And can generate motor drive waveform PWM generator, multi-function capture comparison module, BLDC motor drive dedicated position detection interface, two-phase incremental encoder interface and other special hard settings, mainly used for variable frequency motor drive control. SPMC75 series single-chip microcomputer has strong anti-interference ability, and is widely used in frequency control home appliances, frequency converters, industrial control and other control areas.
23.MICON McCann Corporation (Taiwan)MDT20XX series single-chip microcomputer is OTP/MASK mask 8-bit single-chip microcomputer designed by Taiwan MICON McCann, and has been welcomed by customers since it was introduced to the market in 1997. Compared with PIC, MDT series single chip microcomputer has the biggest feature that the temperature range is industrial grade, the maximum operating frequency can reach 20MHz, regardless of model and suffix, and the selling price is very cheap. At the same time, only the HEX file of PIC can be simply converted. Not for any modification. Industrial-grade OTP microcontrollers are exactly the same as those of PIC microcontrollers. Haier Group's refrigerator controllers, TCL communication products, and Chang'an Alto Suzuki Coupe power distributors use such microcontrollers.
24. Infineon (Infineon) Corporation(From the Siemens Semiconductor company name changes) C500/C800 series, XC800 series, XE166 series, XC166 series, C166 series
25. Zhuhai Jianrong Technology CompanyAX1001 microcontroller, it is a 100MIPS high-performance 8-bit RISC microcontroller, using advanced CMOS OTP technology, used in tax control machines, bar code scanners, printers, network control systems, card readers and so on. The chip performance is very high
26. Shenzhen Hongjing TechnologySTC SCM (it is said that the United States developed, technology sold to Hongjing, Hong Jing is commissioned by a company in Taiwan, Hong Jing sales) is fully compatible with 51 single-chip microcomputer, and has its unique place, its strong anti-interference, strong encryption, ultra Low power consumption, remote upgrade, internal MAX810 dedicated reset circuit, the price is also cheaper, due to these features makes the STC series of microcontrollers has become increasingly widespread.
MaskROM (Mask ROM) - MaskROM is written by the manufacturer using the last process masking process to write information, and the user cannot erase the changes.
OTPROM (OneTimeProgrameROM) - used by a one-time programming, can not be changed after writing. To change, the chip is obsolete.
EPROM (Erasable Programmable ROM) - EPROM can be self-written by the user with a dedicated EPROM programmer. When it needs to be modified, it can be irradiated with ultraviolet rays to erase the original information and write new information again. It can be used repeatedly.
EEPROM-EEPROM has more flexibility than EPROM. Write operations can be performed at a TTL voltage.
FlashROM - FlashROM is a new type of electrically erasable, non-volatile memory, easy to use, low cost, can be erased many times, widely used in recent years.
MPU (MicroprocessorUnit) - Microprocessor
MCU(MicrocontrollerUnit)--Microcontroller
SPI serial peripheral interface
CISC - Centralized Instruction Set
RISC(ReducedInstructionSetComputer)--Reduced Instruction Set
Harvard dual bus structure: The traditional von Neumann architecture of the computer is to fetch instructions and data (Princeton structure) in the same storage space. The two cannot be performed at the same time, so the bandwidth is limited, and the computer adopts Harvard dual bus structure. The instruction and data space are completely separate, one for the instruction and the other for the data. The program and data can be accessed at the same time, improving the data throughput rate.
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