Incandescent lamps are typical representatives of low-efficiency energy conversion devices. Usually, after the power is turned on, the filament is heated, which not only generates light energy but also generates a large amount of heat, and the energy-saving lamps even include conventional LEDs, which will generate more or less partial heat loss. Without achieving 100% energy conversion.
A research team at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology says that if the input power is drastically reduced, the LED can get "free" light energy. According to the formula, the electrical input power is proportional to the square of the voltage, and the optical output power is proportional to the voltage. Therefore, the applied voltage is halved, and the electric input power is reduced to a quarter. Since the optical output power is linear with the voltage, it will only be reduced by half. In other words, the voltage is reduced, and the output power is reduced much less than the input. Power, so the efficiency of the LED is significantly mentioned. When the applied voltage is extremely weak, the power even exceeds 100%.
In the experiment, the researchers used a power output of 30 picowatts to produce 69 picowatts of light output power with a conversion rate of 230%. Unlike most scholars who focus on how to maximize the conversion of electrical energy into light energy, MIT scholars make full use of the weak residual heat generated by the atomic lattice vibration of the device caused by entropy changes, so that its output power is greater than the input power. This illuminating process can weakly lower the LED temperature, similar to a thermoelectric cooler, although the device does not allow it to be completely cooled to room temperature, but it can be designed to produce only light that does not produce heat.
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