I. Project Overview
1.1 Introduction
The sensor system consisting of temperature sensor, humidity sensor, formaldehyde sensor, carbon monoxide sensor, electromagnetic radiation sensor, dust sensor and air quality sensor collects indoor environmental data such as temperature, humidity, formaldehyde concentration, carbon monoxide concentration and electromagnetic radiation intensity. The MCU reads the corresponding environment parameters and displays them, and stores some of the data in the data storage system for the convenience of the user. When a certain parameter of the indoor environment exceeds the requirement, the MCU controls the corresponding peripheral device to perform corresponding operations. For example, when the concentration of formaldehyde or carbon monoxide is too high, the MCU controls the voice system to perform an alarm, and opens the ventilation system to improve the environment; When the indoor environment humidity is too low, the MCU controls the humidifier to humidify and improve the indoor humidity. When the indoor dust concentration is higher than the outdoor dust concentration, the system will prompt the user to open the window to improve the environment, and the window opening action Can be controlled remotely.
The system can also simulate an air conditioner remote control, and control the air conditioner by transmitting a remote control signal to achieve indoor temperature adjustment. This design is also equipped with additional features such as calendar, time and alarm to make it more practical.
The design adopts touch screen for display and control, and realizes the software interface on the touch screen. The interface is user-friendly, and the user can view various information such as temperature, humidity, electromagnetic radiation intensity, history record, etc., and can also set time and trouble. Peripheral devices such as bell humidifiers and ventilation fans are convenient and quick to operate.
The design is equipped with the upper computer software, the upper computer software communicates wirelessly through the Bluetooth module, and the host computer software can not only realize all functions on the hardware, such as display and setting, but also can store a large amount of data, draw curves, etc. The user's operation is more convenient, making it more flexible to use.
1.2 Project Background / Motivation
In modern society, people's living environment is more and more complex, people's requirements for the environment are getting higher and higher, and the indoor environment is directly affecting people's life comfort. The environmental monitoring device on the market has a single function, and generally can only monitor a certain environmental factor, and can not meet the needs of people well. To this end, a multi-functional indoor environmental monitoring system was designed, and multiple information was detected at the same time, and corresponding improvement measures were provided to maximize the indoor environment and make people's lives better.
Second, the demand analysis
2.1 Functional requirements
It can simultaneously detect indoor temperature, humidity, formaldehyde concentration, carbon monoxide concentration and air quality parameters, and can control the work of humidifiers, ventilation fans, air conditioners and other peripheral devices according to environmental parameters, and can provide real-time alarm prompts by voice system according to environmental parameters. Or suggest that you have the ability to save data. With touch screen display, additional functions such as time, calendar and alarm, with a user-friendly software interface, easy to operate. Equipped with PC software, users can easily operate the system on the computer for more user-friendly operation.
2.2 Performance requirements
The software interface on the touch screen is stable and beautiful, the reaction speed is fast, the operability is strong, the environmental parameters are measured accurately, and the indoor environment improvement measures are appropriate.
Third, the program design
3.1 System function realization principle
The MCU reads the temperature sensor system and the clock system data are sent to the touch screen for display and data storage systems for storage. The MCU makes a corresponding judgment on the indoor environment based on the collected data, and then controls the operation of the voice device, the humidifier, the air conditioner, the ventilation device, and the status indicator according to the built-in rules. The MCU monitors the input of the touch screen in real time. When a user operates on it, the processor performs corresponding user setting according to the input information of the user. The communication between the hardware and the host computer is realized through the Bluetooth module, and the data and the settings are completely synchronized.
3.2 system software architecture
3.3 System Software Process
Program flow chart
After the program starts, initialize it first and set the register. Then read the information on the sensor such as temperature, humidity, harmful gas content, etc., and perform the function of the corresponding function to calculate it, and judge the data at the same time. If it is abnormal data, it will enter the abnormal diagnosis, display the abnormal information, issue a warning and Make the appropriate adjustments. At the same time, it is detected whether there is input information on the touch screen. If there is information, other devices are controlled according to the corresponding information to perform corresponding settings.
3.4 System Expected Results
The sensor measures the temperature, humidity, harmful gas content, etc., and displays and stores it. When it is judged that one or more indicators are abnormal, the display is displayed on the touch screen, and other devices are controlled by mcu to adjust the abnormal environment. factor. The touch screen acts as a human-machine interface and can realize USB and serial port and storage device and computer communication.
Triangular prisms are optically transparent bodies with triangular cross-sections. It is an optical instrument with a triangular cross-section made of transparent materials. It is a kind of dispersive prism, which can cause the polychromatic light to be dispersed when passing through the prism.
Light enters from one side of the prism and exits from the other side. The outgoing light will be deflected toward the bottom surface (the third side). The deflection angle is related to the refractive index of the prism, the apex angle and the incident angle of the prism.
White light is a polychromatic light composed of various monochromatic lights. The same medium has different refractive indexes for different colors of light, so the speed of different colors of light propagating in the same medium will be different.
Because the same medium has different refractive indexes for various monochromatic lights, according to the law of refraction, the deflection angle of each monochromatic light will also be different. Therefore, the white light passes through the prism to separate the monochromatic lights, forming seven colors of red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, and purple, that is, dispersion.
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