LED is the abbreviation of Light Emitting Diode (LED). Different kinds of LEDs can emit light from different wavelengths from infrared to blue. In recent years, the most attractive development of LED is to apply fluorescent powder on blue LED. A white LED product that converts blue light into white light. It can not only directly convert electric energy into light energy, but also has a service life of up to tens of thousands of hours to 100,000 hours. It also has power saving, environmental protection, no mercury, small volume response, high shock resistance, and can be applied to LEDs are called the new century light source because of their low temperature environment, directivity of light source, low light damage, high color saturation and rich color gamut.
As the third lighting revolution after the open flame and incandescent lamps, semiconductor lighting (LED) has become one of the most promising high-tech fields in the 21st century. Wu Ling, director of the National Semiconductor Lighting Office of the Ministry of Science and Technology, said in an exclusive interview that semiconductor LEDs, as the main technology for energy conservation and environmental protection, have been included in the national medium- and long-term science and technology development plan and the major projects of the 863 high-tech industrialization in the 11th Five-Year Plan and have given strong support.
Start lighting project, China's LED industry has begun to take shape
Semiconductor lighting is triggering a revolution in lighting sources worldwide. As a new high-efficiency solid-state light source, semiconductor lighting has the advantages of long life, energy saving, color, and miniaturization. It will become another leap in the history of human lighting. In recent years, Japanese government plans for the 21st Century Light Project, the US Next Generation Lighting Program, the EU Rainbow Program, and the Korean GaN Semiconductor Luminescence Program have been introduced.
Faced with the huge business opportunities and development prospects of semiconductor lighting, countries around the world have stepped up legislation to encourage the use of energy-saving light sources. The European Union, Canada, Australia and the United States will ban incandescent bulbs in 2009, 2010 and 2020 respectively. According to relevant data, the global LED application market will increase from $12.5 billion in 2004 to $50 billion in 2008.
China is the world's largest country in the production of lighting sources and lamps. In 2006, the industry sold 160 billion yuan, but mainly low-end products, accounting for only 18% of the world market, big but not strong. It is of great significance to develop semiconductor lighting and enhance the international competitiveness of the industry. To this end, China launched the National Semiconductor Lighting Project in October 2003, established the National Semiconductor Lighting Project Management Office, and promoted the development of the domestic LED industry and lighting industry through policy guidance and incentives.
At present, China's LED product technology innovation and application development capabilities are gradually improving, device reliability research position is more prominent, test methods and standards are gradually getting closer, all of which marks that China's LED industry has entered a new stage of development. . After more than 30 years of development, China's LED industry has initially formed a relatively complete industrial chain including the production of epitaxial wafers, the preparation and packaging of chips, and the application of LED products.
Wu Ling further said that according to the 11th Five-Year Plan of the Ministry of Science and Technology, the state has invested 350 million yuan in semiconductor lighting engineering projects in the field of new materials technology. From the overall situation, the project started well and the overall progress was smooth. Some of the projects completed the phased objectives ahead of schedule. The 100 lumens/watt LED manufacturing technology completes the phased indicators ahead of schedule, and the company's efficiency is significantly improved, and it has the ability to sustain technological innovation. As of November 2007, the project undertaker has applied for 241 patents, including 152 invention patents and 17 foreign patent applications, driving industry investment nearly 2 billion yuan.
According to statistics, in 2007, the national LED display market reached 7.2 billion yuan, an increase of 44% compared with 5 billion yuan in 2006. In 2007, the output value of China's LED chips reached 1.5 billion yuan, an increase of 43% compared with 1.05 billion yuan in 2006. In 2007, the output value of China's LED packaging reached 16.8 billion yuan, an increase of 15% over the 14.8 billion yuan in 2006. LED output increased by 24% from 66 billion in 2006 to 82 billion, of which high-brightness LED production value reached 12 billion yuan, accounting for 71% of total LED sales. In 2007, the output value of China's applied products has exceeded 30 billion yuan. It has become the world's largest producer and exporter of LED full-color display and solar LED landscape lighting applications. The emerging semiconductor lighting industry is taking shape.
Breaking through the patent siege to compete for the commanding heights of the LED industry
The competition in high-tech industries is standard competition. Due to the large number of patents related to LEDs, it is easy for manufacturers with patents to create a monopoly in the market, and other manufacturers must avoid the key technologies related to them, thus losing market opportunities, so for manufacturers with insufficient R&D capabilities. It is more difficult to enter the industry.
Due to the rapid development of China in the LED field, the US International Trade Commission launched a survey of 337 patents including LED companies in China, and applied for general exclusion orders and prohibitions. A battle to seize the commanding heights and voices of the emerging industries of semiconductor lighting has begun. Wu Ling said that under the leadership of the National Semiconductor Industry Alliance, Chinese enterprises have responded promptly and have achieved positive results.
When talking about the warning of 337 investigations for domestic enterprises, Wu Ling pointed out that as China's economy gradually integrates into the process of global economic integration, domestic enterprises should study patent strategy and take initiative while increasing independent innovation and raising awareness of intellectual property protection. Attack.
In response to the new situation of international competition, Wu Ling said that the National Semiconductor Lighting Engineering R&D and Industry Alliance Standardization Coordination Promotion Working Group was formally established in August 2007 with the aim of accelerating the standardization and promotion work and establishing a standard system to enable China's semiconductor lighting. Emerging industries have embarked on a bright road with international competitiveness. Recently, more than 10 national LED lighting standardization committees have been approved for the development of LED standards for general lighting. It is expected that all projects will be completed before the end of 2008.
According to reports, in order to promote the upstream and downstream, industry-university-research cooperation of China's semiconductor lighting industry, and accelerate the establishment of China's semiconductor lighting patent strategy, the National Semiconductor Lighting R&D and Industry Alliance Patent Pool Working Group will complete the collection and collection of patents at the end of June this year. According to the principle of who participates and who does not participate in the difficult benefits, the patents applied for by the state-funded projects are voluntarily provided, and the foreign purchases are appropriately considered; the second is to draw patent maps, establish the patent strategy of semiconductor lighting in China, and the joint technology of the working group. Experts and patent attorneys start with the support of 337 investigations and other similar patent disputes. Finally, the construction of patent pools helps to establish a platform for seamless integration of standards and industries, bringing international competitive advantages to domestic enterprises.
Wu Ling said that in order to break through the technological monopoly of multinational enterprises, China's LED industry should not only make breakthroughs in areas such as epitaxial wafers and chip production with high technical content and high added value and difficult technological breakthroughs, but also should pay less attention to patent disputes. The upstream field extends. At present, the high-brightness 60lm/w LED chips used in Olympic stadiums such as Bird's Nest and Water Cube have been provided by domestic manufacturers, and have completely reversed the situation that foreign high-end LED chips monopolize the domestic market. This shows that after experiencing the road of buying devices, buying chips, and buying epitaxial films, China's LED industry has now truly possessed the ability to independently produce epitaxial wafers and chips.
The energy saving situation is urgently taking the road of cooperation and development
Wu Ling believes that the application of semiconductor lighting is gradually beginning to be applied in functional lighting. The market continues to expand, from display to lighting, from special lighting to general lighting. The outdoor lighting market such as road lighting and tunnel lighting will be widely applied with the improvement of LED light efficiency and price, and new application fields such as agriculture, military and aviation will be gradually developed. As the problem of energy shortage becomes more and more prominent, the importance and market space of LEDs are more significant.
According to the statistics of the national street lamp industry in 2006, there are more than 15 million street lamps in urban road lighting in China, and the growth rate in recent years is over 20%. According to this estimation, the annual market size of lighting street lamps in the country is not less than 5 billion yuan. If LED street lamps are used, the annual electricity saving will be more than 2 billion degrees. The special survey of the National Green Lighting Project Promotion Project Office shows that China's lighting power consumption is more than 300 billion kWh per year. If it is replaced by LED, it can save 1/3 of the lighting power, equivalent to the Three Gorges Project with a total investment of more than 200 billion yuan. Annual power generation.
In view of the current status of China's LED industry, it is quite difficult to reach the world's advanced level in terms of technology and capacity in the short term. To develop a high-brightness LED industry in China, we can make full use of the existing R&D and production strength in China and take the road of cooperative development. This is also consistent with the overall trend of the current global LED industry mergers and acquisitions.
Wu Ling said that international companies can quickly achieve the integration of upstream, middle and lower reaches of the global unified marketing strategy through mergers and acquisitions. Taiwanese enterprises have taken advantage of strong scale manufacturing, industrial agglomeration and foundry, and through horizontal integration, that is, through mutual reciprocal share reorganization, mergers of similar enterprises, rapid formation of huge production scale and rapid market share. The global development of the semiconductor lighting industry is something that every company must face and cannot avoid. By standardizing the shareholding structure, increasing research and development, and adopting mergers and acquisitions and cooperation, domestic enterprises will introduce overseas advanced technologies into China, and strive to compete with the major international manufacturers at the same technical level.
Following Shanghai, Xiamen, Dalian, Nanchang and Shenzhen, it became the first batch of five national semiconductor lighting industrialization bases. Domestic packaging and application enterprises have formed rapid market adaptability and price advantages. China has become an important LED packaging production base in the world. Packaging and applications, especially the processing of international application products, have a tendency to shift to China. Wu Ling said that in the field of packaging and application, China is entirely possible and capable of occupying a place in the high-end market, but it must increase product innovation and strengthen brand cultivation.
Semiconductor lighting is a global industry. At present, the world is seeking to resolve the contradiction between economic development and energy shortage, bringing broad market prospects and new opportunities to the entire green lighting production industry.
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