Application value of BIM technology in assembly

1. Application value of BIM technology in the stage of prefabricated building design

(1) Improve the efficiency of prefabricated building design

In the prefabricated building design, because of the need to pre-embed and pre-form the prefabricated components, it is more necessary to closely cooperate with the designers of various professions. Using the design platform built by BIM technology, the professional designers in the assembly building design can quickly transfer their professional design information and “synchronize” the design. With BIM technology and “cloud” technology, professional designers can upload BIM models containing their own professional design information to the BIM design platform, and automatically filter out design conflicts between majors through collision and automatic error correction. To help professional designers find out the problems in professional design in time; the types and styles of prefabricated components in prefabricated buildings are numerous, and the amount of drawings is large. Through the "collaborative" design function of BIM technology, a professional designer has modified The design parameters can be called synchronously and without error by other professional designers. This facilitates the adjustment of the design scheme by the supporting professional designers, saving the time and effort of the professional designers to adjust the design scheme.

In addition, more technical and management professionals can be involved in the design of the prefabricated building by granting the assembly engineer professional design, component splitting designers, and related technical and managerial management and modification rights. According to the professional advice and suggestions, reduce the design changes in prefabricated component production and assembly building construction, improve the owner's satisfaction with the assembly design unit, thereby improving the design efficiency of the assembly building, reducing or avoiding Increased project costs and waste of resources due to design reasons (as shown in Figure 1).

(2) Standardized design for prefabricated components

BIM technology can realize the opening and sharing of design information. Designers can upload the design of the prefabricated building to the “cloud” server of the project, integrate the information of size, style and other information in the cloud, and build the prefabricated components (such as doors, windows, etc.) of the assembled building. Family" library. With the accumulation and enrichment of “families” in cloud servers, designers can compare and optimize “families” of the same type to form the standard shape and modulus size of prefabricated building prefabricated components. The establishment of the "family" library of prefabricated components contributes to the establishment of general design specifications and design standards for prefabricated buildings. Using a variety of standardized “family” libraries, designers can also accumulate and enrich the design of the prefabricated buildings, saving the time of design and adjustment of the layout, which is conducive to enriching the layout of the assembled building and better meeting the diversity of the occupants. demand.

(3) Reduce the design error of fabricated buildings

Designers can use BIM technology to refine the fabricated building structure and prefabricated components to reduce the assembly deviation problems that are likely to occur during the construction phase of the fabricated building. With BIM technology, the important parameters such as the geometrical dimensions of the prefabricated components and the internal steel bar diameter, spacing, and thickness of the protective layer of the steel are accurately designed and positioned. In the 3D view of the BIM model, the designer can visually observe the fit between the prefabricated components to be assembled, and can use the collision detection function of BIM technology to carefully analyze the reliability of the joint nodes of the prefabricated components and eliminate the prefabricated components. The assembly conflicts between the two, so as to avoid the installation positioning of the prefabricated components due to the rough design, reducing the delay of construction due to design errors and the waste of material resources.

2. Application value of BIM technology in the stage of prefabricated building construction

(1) Improve prefabricated component inventory and site management

In the production process of prefabricated building prefabricated components, the classification, production and storage of prefabricated components require a lot of manpower and material resources, and are prone to errors. By using BIM technology combined with RFID technology, by embedding an RFID chip containing component information such as installation location and usage information in the process of prefabricated component production, the storage acceptance personnel and the logistics distribution personnel can directly read the relevant information of the prefabricated component to realize electronic information. Automatic comparison can reduce the occurrence of problems such as the deviation of acceptance quantity, the deviation of component stacking position, and the inaccurate outbound record in the traditional manual acceptance and logistics mode, which can obviously save time and cost [5]. In the construction stage of the prefabricated building, the construction personnel use the RFID technology to directly transfer the relevant information of the prefabricated components, inspect the necessary items such as the installation position of the prefabricated components, and improve the quality management level and installation efficiency during the installation process of the prefabricated components.

(2) Improve the efficiency of construction site management

The prefabricated building hoisting process is complex, the construction mechanization is high, and the construction safety assurance measures are high. Before the construction starts, the construction unit can use the BIM technology to carry out the construction simulation and simulation of the prefabricated building, simulate the hoisting and construction process of the on-site prefabricated components, The construction process is optimized; the safety incidents on the construction site can be simulated, the safety management plan on the construction site can be improved, and safety hazards can be eliminated, thereby avoiding and reducing the occurrence of quality safety accidents. BIM technology can also be used to optimize the site layout and vehicle driving route on the construction site, reduce the secondary handling of prefabricated components and material sites, improve the lifting efficiency of vertical transportation machinery, and accelerate the construction progress of fabricated buildings.

(3) 5D construction simulation optimization construction, cost planning

Using BIM technology, the time and resource dimensions are introduced into the BIM model of the fabricated building, and the “3D-BIM” model is transformed into the “5D-BIM” model. The construction unit can simulate the entire assembled building through the “5D-BIM” model. Construction process and various resource inputs [2], establish a “dynamic construction plan” for prefabricated buildings, and intuitively understand the construction process, schedule and phased funds and resource inputs of the prefabricated buildings; During the process, problems in the original construction plan were found and optimized to avoid construction cost increase and schedule delay caused by poor consideration. The construction simulation using “5D-BIM” enables the management and technical personnel of the construction unit to have a more intuitive understanding of the construction process arrangement and cost resources of the whole project. The management personnel can optimize the construction plan and sequence in the simulation process. Arrange resource supply, optimize cash flow, and realize dynamic management of construction schedule and cost (as shown in Figure 4).

3. Application value of BIM technology in the stage of operation and maintenance of fabricated buildings

(1) Improve equipment maintenance management level during operation and maintenance

An information management platform built with BIM and RFID technology can establish an operation and maintenance system for prefabricated building prefabricated components and equipment [6]. Taking the data management and emergency management functions of BIM technology as an example, in the event of a sudden fire, firefighters can use the building and equipment information in the BIM information management system to directly locate the location of the fire and grasp the location of the fire. The materials used are targeted to carry out fire fighting work. In addition, the operation and maintenance management personnel can directly retrieve the prefabricated components, the types of the auxiliary equipment, parameters and manufacturers from the BIM model when repairing the fabricated buildings and auxiliary equipment to improve the maintenance efficiency.

(2) Strengthen the quality and energy management during the operation and maintenance phase

BIM technology can realize the full-life informationization of prefabricated buildings. The operation and maintenance managers use the RFID chips in the prefabricated components to obtain important information of prefabricated component manufacturers, installers, transport personnel, etc. stored in the chip. Once a late quality problem occurs, the problem can be traced from the operation and maintenance phase to the production phase, and the attribution of responsibility can be clarified. BIM technology can also realize the green operation and maintenance management of prefabricated buildings. With the RFID chip embedded in the prefabricated components, BIM software can monitor and analyze the energy consumption during the use of buildings. The operation and maintenance managers can follow BIM. The processing data of the software accurately locates the high energy consumption in the BIM model

In the position and try to solve. In addition, when the prefabricated building is demolished, the BIM model can be used to screen the recyclable resources for secondary development and recycling, saving resources and avoiding waste.

4, the conclusion

It can be seen from the above analysis that with the help of BIM technology, the design, production and construction level of the prefabricated building can be effectively improved, and the production chain from the design to the operation and maintenance of the fabricated building is more compact and reasonable, and energy saving in the construction industry in China is realized. It can play a very positive role in the process of platooning, reducing pollution and promoting the development of the construction industry. However, in order to achieve a closer integration of BIM technology and fabricated buildings, it is necessary to further improve and perfect in practice, which still requires the joint efforts of practitioners in the construction industry.