The general engine is a reciprocating engine. During operation, the piston makes a reciprocating linear motion in the cylinder. In order to convert the linear motion of the piston into a rotary motion, a crank linkage mechanism must be used. The rotor engine is different, it directly converts the combustion expansion force of the combustible gas into the driving torque. Compared with reciprocating engines, the rotor engine eliminates useless linear motion, so the same power rotor engine is smaller in size, lighter in weight, and has lower vibration and noise.
The characteristics of the rotor engine are:While the center of the triangular rotor revolves around the center of the output shaft, the triangular rotor itself rotates around its center. When the triangular rotor rotates, the ring gear centered on the center of the triangular rotor meshes with the gear centered on the center of the output shaft, and the gear is fixed on the cylinder without rotation, and the ratio of the number of teeth of the ring gear to the gear is 3:2. The above motion relationship makes the trajectory of the apex of the triangular rotor (i.e., the shape of the cylinder wall) resemble an "8" shape.
The triangular rotor divides the cylinder into three independent spaces. Each of the three spaces successively completes intake, compression, work and exhaust. The triangular rotor rotates once a week, and the engine is ignited three times. Due to the above motion relationship, the output shaft speed is three times the rotor rotation speed, which is completely different from the 1:1 motion relationship between the piston and the crankshaft of the reciprocating engine.
The rotor of the rotor engine works three times per revolution, and has the advantage of a high horsepower volume ratio (the engine volume is small to output more power) than the normal four-stroke engine.
In addition, due to the axial operating characteristics of the rotor engine, it does not require precise crankshaft balance to achieve higher operating speeds. The whole engine has only two rotating parts, and the structure is greatly simplified compared with the general four-stroke engine with more than twenty moving parts such as intake and exhaust valves, and the possibility of failure is greatly reduced. In addition to the above advantages, the advantages of the rotor engine include small size, light weight, low center of gravity, and low vibration.
Disadvantages of the rotor engine:High fuel consumption and heavy pollution.
Since there is no high compression ratio of the reciprocating engine, the combustion cannot be sufficient. Although Mazda has added a single turbocharger and twin turbocharger to the rotor engine, it only increased the output horsepower and moderately reduced exhaust emissions, but it still has a big gap with the reciprocating engine.
Severe wear and short life of components.
Since there is only one radial sealing piece between the adjacent cavities of the triangular rotor engine, the radial sealing piece and the cylinder are always in line contact, and the position of the radial sealing piece in contact with the cylinder is always changing, so the three combustion chambers are not Completely isolated (sealed), the radial seals wear quickly. After the engine is used for a period of time, it is easy to cause air leakage due to wear of the oil seal material, which greatly increases fuel consumption and pollution. Its unique mechanical structure also makes this type of engine difficult to repair
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